How to handle different types of acne throughout your life

Acne affects all of us at some point in our lives, and while it can be more severe for some than others, it's still never a welcome addition to our skin. Learning how to tackle your acne starts with understanding what kind of acne you have, and breaking fact from fiction with some myths about the common skin ailment. We reached out to dermatologist Dr. Lisa Kellett from DLK on Avenue to explain everything we need to know, once and for all! 

Pimples, Blackheads and Whiteheads Unregulated sebaceous glands are the root cause of acne which can manifest in active papules, blackheads and whiteheads. It’s estimated that approximately 70 percent of North Americans will suffer from some type of acne throughout their life. Someone may have had great skin as a teen, but breakout as an adult, or vice versa.

Generations of Acne If dealing with your teen’s acne wasn’t bad enough, you may be in store for your own pimple problem. Regardless of when it strikes, both adult and teenage acne develop because of an overgrowth of oil in the sebaceous glands and an abnormal shedding of keratinocytes (skin cells) in the duct of the oil gland/ hair unit which cause pores to clog. This process creates sebum which feeds p.acnes bacteria in our skin which is what materializes into what we know as pimples.

MAIN TYPES OF ACNE

Adult Acne Vulgaris Active papules, blackheads and whiteheads are indicators of adult acne vulgaris also referred to as adult acne. The most common factors that contribute to adult acne are hormones (pregnancy or menopause), medications, the incorrect use of skin care products, cosmetics, stress, environmental pollution and inappropriate treatments such as extractions or aggressive facials. In addition, since hormone levels fluctuate throughout the month especially in women, there can also be a corresponding fluctuation in the flare up of acne.

Teenage Acne

Teenage acne is often directly associated with hormonal fluctuations such as the rapid increase in hormone production from puberty. Hormones affect oil production in different ways, for many this results in clogged pores for the first time in their lives. The hormones that are produced in the ovary or those associated with pregnancy or those related to the birth control pill can also affect oil production in teens.

Acne Cosmetica This type of acne is directly related to using products which are not appropriate for acne prone skin. This can be cleared by having a proper dermatological consultation and establishing what the correct products for your skin are, and how and when they should be used.

Acne Conglobata The condition of Acne conglobata is the result of acne cysts and nodules growing together deep beneath the surface of the skin. Over time this type of acne can causes significant and oftentimes traumatic scarring.

Acne Fighting Ingredients: Benzoyl Peroxide: Benzoyl Peroxide can reduce sebum production and act as an anti inflammatory. Found in acne treatment creams Salicylic Acid: Also referred to as beta hydroxy acid (BHA), is an exfoliant that can be found in peel products. Glycolic Acid and Mandelic Acid: Used as ingredients in skin care to exfoliate dead skin cells and can be found in acne cleansing products.

Acne Misconceptions

Myth #1: Eating junk food causes acne.

Skin reflects your overall health, so if you have poor diet and lack nutrition, your skin will reflect this. If you follow a healthy diet and indulge in the occasional chocolate bar, the good news is that this is not going to cause acne. However, if all you ate were chocolate bars, you'd have a very poor diet and your skin would not look its best.

What you can do: Eat vegetables and fruits, anything with minerals and vitamins in them. Thick, green leafy vegetables and orange fruits have lots of antioxidants which are very good for skin.

Myth #2: Squeezing pimples can make them heal faster.

If you like to pop it’s time to stop. Extractions are an outdated method of treating acne. Squeezing or any method of traumatizing pimples can lead to increased inflammation, infection, scarring and cyst formation so do not squeeze, pick or manipulate your skin!

Myth #3: Teen acne and adult acne are the same thing.

Adult acne can be even more difficult to treat and can last longer!

Myth #4: Washing your face more often helps fight acne.

Most patients with acne have adequate hygiene. Acne is a disorder of the pilosebaceous [hair and oil] duct unit and is not based on cleanliness.

Myth #5: Toothpaste is a great DIY way to treat acne.

People believe toothpaste will dry out acne and make it disappear. While it may have a drying effect, it could be an irritant to the skin and can cause a contact dermatitis.

How to get rid of acne

So, now that you know what not to do, here's one thing you can do: treat it with Proactiv +: 3 Step 30 Day Set! This system was developed by dermatologists and with proven acne fighting ingredients and has been formulated for daily use to clear blemishes and prevent future breakouts. It's the latest and most effective system to fight acne breakouts and achieve radiant skin and has exclusive Smart Target ® Technology that delivers 2x the amount of powerful acne fighters directly into pores. Like the name says, it's just three easy steps that you can follow twice a day as part of your daily skincare routine. Here's how to do it:

Step 1: Cleanse

• Cleanse your skin morning and night.  Cleansing takes away excess dirt, oil and makeup to keep your skin clean.
• Apply cleanser to the tips of your fingers, and gently massage it into your skin for 1-2 minutes. 
• Use the pads of your fingers in a circular motion, so that you don’t pull or put excess pressure on the delicate skin of your face. 
• Rinse thoroughly with warms water and pat dry. 

Step 2: Treat

• The pore targeting solution stops acne at its source. 
• The exclusive smart target ® technology,  delivers 2x the amount of powerful acne fighters directly into pores.
• Apply a minimum of two pumps to clean dry skin
• Gently smooth over your entire face – and do not rinse off
• You want to allow it to fully absorb into your skin, before the next step.

Step 3: Repair

• It's so important to hydrate your skin, especially during dry winter months. The Proactiv + complexion perfecting hydrator has key essential skincare ingredients designed to soothe irritation, even skin tone, visibly reduce post-acne marks and leave skin soft, hydrated and radiant.
• Salicylic acid, helps pores appear smaller by keeping them free of the cellular debris that makes them appear larger.
• Apply a large coin-sized amount to dry skin.
• Gently smooth over entire face—do not rinse off.
• Allow to absorb.

And because we can never get enough moisturizer, especially in the winter months, you can also follow up the third step with Proactiv's Green Tea Moisturizer. It's lightweight, oil-free, non-greasy and rich in mineral and botanical extracts, including green tea, to help soothe dry skin without clogging pores. Wear it alone or under makeup and keep your skin hydrated all day long!